Brilliant and engagingly written, Why Nations Fail answers the question that has stumped the experts for centuries: Why are some nations rich and others poor, divided by wealth and poverty, health and sickness, food and famine? Is it culture, the weather, geography?
Perhaps ignorance of what the right policies are? Simply, no. None of these factors is either definitive or destiny. Otherwise, how to explain why Botswana has become one of the fastest growing countries in the world, while other African nations, such as Zimbabwe, the Congo, and Sierra Leone, are mired in poverty and violence?
Daron Acemoglu and James Robinson conclusively show that it is man-made political and economic institutions that underlie economic success (or lack of it). Korea, to take just one of their fascinating examples, is a remarkably homogeneous nation, yet the people of North Korea are among the poorest on earth while their brothers and sisters in South Korea are among the richest. The south forged a society that created incentives, rewarded innovation, and allowed everyone to participate in economic opportunities.
The economic success thus spurred was sustained because the government became accountable and responsive to citizens and the great mass of people. Sadly, the people of the north have endured decades of famine, political repression, and very different economic institutions—with no end in sight. The differences between the Koreas is due to the politics that created these completely different institutional trajectories.
Based on fifteen years of original research Acemoglu and Robinson marshall extraordinary historical evidence from the Roman Empire, the Mayan city-states, medieval Venice, the Soviet Union, Latin America, England, Europe, the United States, and Africa to build a new theory of political economy with great relevance for the big questions of today, including: - China has built an authoritarian growth machine.
Will it continue to grow at such high speed and overwhelm the West? - Are America’s best days behind it? Are we moving from a virtuous circle in which efforts by elites to aggrandize power are resisted to a vicious one that enriches and empowers a small minority? - What is the most effective way to help move billions of people from the rut of poverty to prosperity?
More philanthropy from the wealthy nations of the West? Or learning the hard-won lessons of Acemoglu and Robinson’s breakthrough ideas on the interplay between inclusive political and economic institutions? Why Nations Fail will change the way you look at—and understand—the world."
Mawut Achiek –
Reviewer: Sir. Akuei M. Adol
In the words of Barbara De Angelis, “love is a force more formidable than any other. It is invisible; it cannot be seen or measured, yet it is powerful enough to transform you in a moment, and offer you more joy than any material possession could.”
Within the delicate fabric of Mawut Achiek’s “Pinnacle of Love,” an excerpt from the published poetry anthology entitled “Pinnacle of Love,” readers are transported to a realm where sentiments unfold like petals beneath dawn’s gentle caress. This lyrical venture, resonating with themes of nostalgia, love, and the ephemeral nature of time, takes on the form of a reflective monologue, guiding the audience through the well-trodden path of the persona’s experiences.
Mawut’s “Pinnacle of Love” is a free verse poem that beautifully marries form with emotion. Its six stanzas, comprised of a total of twenty eight lines, reflect the natural cadence of thought and emotion. Through this structure, the poet masterfully mirrors the odyssey of memory and love that the poem encapsulates. The lines flow seamlessly from one to the next, each building upon the emotions of the previous, creating a harmonious blend of introspection and connection. The lines also intertwine, guiding readers along the path of remembrance and affection.
Achiek’s artistry captures the intangible threads of love that unite us all, inviting consumers to savor its sweetness and reflect on the orchestra of emotions it ignites. As the stanzas entwine and the lines flow, Mawut’s poem enchants, underscoring the profound connection that love weaves into the tapestry of existence. This opulent piece showcases the poet’s ability to articulate the ineffable, a testament to the power of love’s enduring resonance.
The poem opens with a mesmerizing incantation: “The world is still deeply asleep.” These words act as a gateway, inviting readers to enter the persona’s world, a realm where time seems suspended, echoing the quietude of a slumbering world. Through imagery that is both palpable and metaphorical, the poet paints a vivid landscape: “Deep breaths of fresh air captured” and “In the windmill of my bones.” The imagery is a touchstone for the emotions coursing through the character’s being, evident in the rising and falling rhythms of the persona’s chest, “My chest rising and falling in heaves.”
As the lines flow like a gentle stream, readers are also led to explore the persona’s emotional journey. The path, the same one traversed “a thousand times,” leads to the poem’s thematic nucleus: “the pinnacle of love.” This phrase encapsulates the zenith of the persona’s affection, and it becomes clear that this path is etched with shared memories and experiences, binding the past and present. The author employs enjambment in “Countless spinning and spiraling thoughts,” mirroring the whirlwind of emotions that often accompanies deep reflection.
Moreover, the author’s skillful use of poetic stylistic devices further enriches the poem’s tapestry. Alliteration dances in “Her contagious joy” and “Her beaming smiley lips,” evoking a melody that resonates with the theme of love’s delight. As the lines continue, the poem’s tone shifts from reminiscence to the palpable warmth of reunion. The persona’s encounter with a cherished figure is captured in the image of a “squeaky gate,” its sound disrupting the “sleeping air.” This interruption heralds a connection and a reunion, and serves as a testimony to the rejuvenating power of love.
Throughout this introspective journey, Mawut balances themes of memory and the indelible nature of love. The poet’s attitude is one of reverence for the past, as the persona walks the well-trodden path once more, a path imbued with memories, emotions, and shared experiences. The mood oscillates between wistful nostalgia and the comforting embrace of lasting affection.
In the grand fabric of this poem, Achiek crafts a symphony of emotions and memories. Therefore, this excerpt is an elegantly woven ode to love’s enduring essence, and it resonates deeply with the anthology’s title. It serves as a poignant reminder that love is a journey marked by peaks and valleys, leaving an unforgettable imprint on the soul. The lesson encapsulated within underscores that love, even when physically distant, possesses the power to bridge temporal divides and infuse life with enduring significance.
Consequently, the poem’s strength lies in its ability to evoke a profound sense of intimacy and connection. The poet’s use of imagery casts a spell, drawing the reader into the cocoon of emotion that envelops the persona. However, brevity also presents a challenge, as the poem could further blossom with additional verses that explore the complexities of love’s evolution.
In conclusion, Mawut Achiek’s “Pinnacle of Love” is a tender exploration of the heart’s journey through memory and affection. This poetic composition gracefully intertwines imagery, emotion, and language, inviting readers to traverse the landscape of love’s intricacies. By embracing themes of timelessness and connection, the poem serves as a reminder of love’s capacity to transcend physical boundaries. As the lines guide us along the path of emotions, Achiek’s artistry becomes a vehicle for readers to embrace their memories and experiences, reflecting upon the threads of love that weave through the fabric of their lives. I therefore highly recommend this poetry book for your consumption.